Factors to be considered in the design of steel structures

The steel structure design is divided into two parts. The design drawings and construction drawings at the beginning of the design shall be carried out in strict accordance with the relevant regulations of design review. The main direction of the designer is to conduct in-depth research and exploration on the design drawings, and the relevant construction units carry out the steel structure design according to the actual engineering direction. In the design process, the designers of these two parts must coordinate their own work, penetrate their own thoughts, achieve the common goal, ensure the smooth implementation of the project schedule, and then achieve the project goal.

In the steel structure design, we should pay attention to the separation of temperature zone of single-storey workshop. With the expansion of industrial construction scale, some large-scale factories have been built in recent years. The longitudinal temperature section should be separated by a double column expansion joint. For supported workshops, hinged short steel columns or hanging steel plates can also be used to achieve double column expansion joints. The use of double-column expansion joints in the longitudinal section will affect the function of the plant, so the method of sliding support is appropriate.

The design of steel structure should pay attention to the layout of roof support system of single-storey workshop. The roof support system of the factory ensures the stability of the structure during installation and use, improves the overall stiffness of the structure, controls the out-of-plane calculated length of the roof members, and reduces the cross-section size of the members. The roof support system includes horizontal support, longitudinal support, vertical support (only applicable to trapezoidal roof truss) and tie rod.

In the steel structure design, attention should also be paid to the layout of the support system between the columns of the single-storey workshop. The inter-column support of the workshop ensures the longitudinal stability and spatial stiffness of the workshop, bears the longitudinal wind load, crane load and seismic force of the workshop and transfers to the foundation, and controls the calculation length of the column is not in the plane, in order to reduce the section size of the column. In addition to meeting the above functions according to the specification requirements, the pillar support shall be set in coordination with the roof support system, and shall be set in the same column distance with the roof support.

For roof supports, cross supports should be selected. The support has the advantages of direct force transfer, simple structure, low material consumption and high rigidity. For the upper column support with column distance and support height ratio greater than 2, the herringbone or figure eight support can be used to reduce the use of materials; When personnel access or equipment placement is considered in the support position, open door support should be considered. However, such support requires poor material cost and stiffness. Therefore, inter-column support, especially the support of the lower column, should be provided without personnel or equipment as far as possible.